Tungsten Bar

Pure Tungsten Bar

Standards: ASTM B760, GB/T 4187
Purity: ≥99.95%, 99.999% is also available
Density: 18.3 g/cm3
Melting point: 3,410 ℃
Size: Custom dimensions. Diameter: 0.5 - 200 mm. Square shape is also available
Surface: Sintering surface, forged surface, ground surface, polished surface
Process: Powder metallurgy

Properties and Characteristics of Tungsten Bars

High Melting Point

Tungsten boasts the highest melting point of all elements, exceeding 3,400 degrees Celsius (6,152 degrees Fahrenheit). This extraordinary property makes tungsten bars ideal for applications that involve extreme temperatures, such as in high-temperature furnaces and aerospace components.

Superior Density

Tungsten has a high density, making tungsten bars exceptionally heavy and providing them with impressive mass. This property is crucial in applications where weight is a factor, such as in counterweights for aircraft and as balancing weights in various machinery.

Outstanding Thermal Conductivity

Tungsten bars exhibit excellent thermal conductivity, allowing them to efficiently transfer heat. This property is advantageous in applications where heat dissipation is critical, including electronic components and as part of high-performance heat sinks.

Remarkable Mechanical Strength

Tungsten is renowned for its exceptional mechanical strength and durability. Tungsten bars maintain their structural integrity even under extreme conditions, making them suitable for applications requiring robust materials, such as in the manufacturing of tools, dies, and high-temperature furnace elements.

Corrosion Resistance

Tungsten is highly resistant to corrosion, ensuring that tungsten bars remain unaffected by various chemical environments. This property enhances their longevity and reliability in corrosive settings, making them suitable for applications in the chemical and petrochemical industries.

Excellent Machinability

Tungsten bars exhibit good machinability despite their hardness. This characteristic allows for the precision machining of intricate components, making tungsten bars valuable in industries that demand high-precision parts, such as the aerospace and medical sectors.

Radioactive Shielding Properties

Due to its high density, tungsten is effective in absorbing and attenuating radiation. Tungsten bars find applications in the medical field, particularly in X-ray shielding and radiation therapy, where their density provides efficient protection against ionizing radiation.

Versatility in Alloys

Tungsten is often alloyed with other metals to enhance specific properties. Tungsten-Copper (W-Cu) Alloys, for example, Copper is renowned for its excellent thermal conductivity, while tungsten provides high strength. By combining these two elements in an alloy, tungsten-copper achieves a balance of thermal conductivity and mechanical strength.

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Producing Tungsten Based on Powder Metallurgy

W Powder

Mixing Alloys

Pressing

Sintering

Forming

Heat Treatment

Mechanical Processing

Quality Assurance

W Powder: AEM Metal produces and sells high-purity tungsten powder. We use 2-8 um tungsten powder to manufacture pure tungsten products, and we use 2.5-3.5 tungsten powder to manufacture tungsten alloy products.

Mixing Alloys: AEM Metal could manufacture WNiFe, WNiCu, WRe, AgW, WMo and cemented Tungsten Carbide.

Pressing: We compress our metal powder and metal powder mixtures into a so-called green compact. For final products with especially difficult geometries, we then press the green compact into the corresponding final shape.

Sintering: Sintering is the key technological step in powder metallurgy. The green compact is heated in a sintering furnace in a protective gas atmosphere. This makes the powder grains coalesce, resulting in a sinter block with a low porosity.

Forming: We form the sinter blocks into a highly durable semi-finished product. The density and mechanical strength of our materials increase with an increasing degree of forming.

Heat Treatment: Using heat treatment, we balance out the mechanical stress, influence the material properties as well as ensure that the metals are easy to process later on.

Mechanical Processing: AEM Metal could provide turning, milling, grinding, cutting, joining and coating processing steps.

Quality Assurance: AEM Metal provide Quality Certification per each order.

Tungsten Bars in Various Industries

Vacuum Furnace Heating Elements

Tungsten's resistance to high temperatures and its low vapor pressure in a vacuum make pure tungsten rods suitable for use as heating elements in vacuum furnaces. These heating elements maintain their structural integrity under extreme conditions, ensuring reliable performance.

Nuclear Industry Components

Tungsten bars are used in various components within the nuclear industry, including radiation shields, reactor control bars, and other critical elements due to tungsten's ability to withstand high radiation levels and extreme conditions.

Electron Beam Machining

Tungsten bars are employed as cathodes in electron beam machining processes. The high melting point and electron emission characteristics of tungsten contribute to the precision and efficiency of this machining method.

Aerospace Propulsion Systems

In aerospace engineering, tungsten bars are used in components such as rocket nozzles and other propulsion systems. The high melting point and mechanical strength of tungsten make it well-suited for withstanding the extreme conditions associated with space travel.

Radiation Shielding

Tungsten bars, due to their high density, are utilized in radiation shielding applications. They are employed in medical facilities for shielding against X-rays and gamma rays, ensuring the safety of personnel and patients.

Ion Implantation

In semiconductor manufacturing, tungsten bars are used in ion implantation processes. The ability of tungsten to withstand high-energy ion bombardment makes it suitable for use as a target material in ion implanter.

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Chemical Composition of Tungsten Bars

W (≥%）	Chemical Content (≤ %）
99.95	K	Fe	Al	Mo	Si	As	Ca	Cr	Mg	Mn	Na	Ni	Bi	Cd
	0.0015	0.003	0.003	0.003	0.0015	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.001	0.0005	0.0005
	Cu	Pb	Sb	Co	Ti	Sn
	0.0005	0.0005	0.0005	0.0005	0.0005	0.0005

Tungsten V.S. Tungsten Alloy

	Pure Tungsten	Lanthanated-Tungsten Alloy	Tungsten Rhenium Alloy
Composition	W	WLa10 (0.8-1.2% La2O3), WLa15 (1.3-1.7% La2O3), WLa20 (1.8-2.2% La2O3)	WRe3%, WRe5%, WRe25%, WRe26%
Properties	High melting point. High density. Brittle.	Enhanced ductility compared to pure tungsten. Improved electron emission characteristics. High-temperature stability.	Improved ductility and tensile strength compared to pure tungsten. High-temperature strength and stability. Moderate electrical resistivity.
Applications	TIG welding electrodes. High-temperature furnace components. Radiation shielding.	Electron emitters in electron microscopy. Cathodes in electronics. High-temperature applications.	Aerospace applications (thermocouples, rocket nozzles). High-temperature furnace elements. X-ray tubes
Costs	Generally less expensive.	Moderate cost.	More expensive due to the addition of rhenium.

Summary

Pure Tungsten

Best for applications requiring the highest melting point and density.
Ideal when brittleness is not a limiting factor.

W-La Alloy

Offers improved ductility compared to pure tungsten.
Suitable for applications requiring enhanced electron emission.

Tungsten-Rhenium Alloy

Provides a balance of strength, ductility, and high-temperature stability.
Valuable in aerospace and high-temperature environments.

Tungsten Rhenium Alloy

Tungsten Electrode

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The choice depends on the specific requirements of the application, considering factors such as temperature conditions, mechanical properties, and cost considerations. Each material has its advantages, and the selection should be tailored to the needs of the particular use case.

FAQs About Tungsten Bar

What are tungsten bars used for?

Tungsten bars are used in various applications, including TIG welding electbares, high-temperature furnace components, radiation shielding, aerospace components, and electronic devices.
Are tungsten bars recyclable?

Yes, tungsten is highly recyclable. Recycling tungsten bars helps conserve resources and reduce the environmental impact associated with mining.
What is the difference between pure tungsten and tungsten alloys?

Pure tungsten consists of 100% tungsten, while tungsten alloys combine tungsten with other elements. Tungsten alloys offer a balance of properties, such as enhanced ductility and machinability.
Are tungsten bars brittle?

Pure tungsten bars can be relatively brittle. However, tungsten alloys, which include alloying elements like rhenium, can enhance ductility.
How to purchase tungsten bars from AEM Metal?

Just send us inquiries, our team will prepare an official quote for you. If you are satisfied with our products and quotes, you can send us PO or we will send you PI for purchasing.
What are the payment methods?

Bank Wire Transfer: Direct bank transfers are a secure and widely used method. Details for wire transfers will be provided on the invoice.

PayPal: For added flexibility, PayPal payments are often accepted. This option is ideal for those who prefer online payment gateways.

Letter of Credit (L/C): In certain cases, we may accept payment through a letter of credit, offering a secure method for international transactions.

What are the advantages of tungsten bars in welding?

Tungsten bars, especially in TIG welding, offer a high melting point, stability, and non-consumable properties. These features contribute to precise and clean welds.
How do tungsten bars contribute to radiation shielding?

Tungsten's high density makes tungsten bars effective for absorbing and attenuating radiation, making them suitable for use in X-ray shielding and nuclear industry components.
Can tungsten bars be used in high-temperature environments?

Yes, tungsten bars are well-suited for high-temperature applications due to their high melting point and resistance to thermal stress.
Can tungsten bars be used as electbares in electronic devices?

Yes, tungsten bars are used as electbares in electronic devices, leveraging their stability, high melting point, and electrical conductivity.
What are the shipping methods?

We use UPS or DHL or FedEx express for most of countries. Please let us know if you have their account number. We can ship the items out by using your account number. We use IPS express for Iran, Iraq and UAE. We will by sea or air if the weight or volume is large.

Maintenance and Care Tips

Tungsten bars, given their unique properties and applications, require specific maintenance and care to ensure optimal performance and longevity. Here are some maintenance and care tips for tungsten bars:

Handling and Storage:

Handle with Care: Tungsten is a hard and brittle material. Avoid dropping or subjecting tungsten bars to impact, as this can lead to chipping or breakage. Avoid Contaminants: Keep tungsten bars away from contaminants, such as oils and greases, which can affect their performance.
Cleaning:

Use Mild Cleaning Agents: When cleaning tungsten bars, use mild cleaning agents and solvents. Harsh chemicals can react with tungsten and compromise its surface integrity.

Avoid Abrasives: Refrain from using abrasive materials for cleaning, as they can scratch or damage the surface.
Temperature Considerations:

Avoid Rapid Temperature Changes: Tungsten bars can withstand high temperatures, but rapid temperature changes, especially extreme quenching, may lead to thermal stress and potential cracking.

Gradual Cooling: Allow tungsten bars to cool gradually after exposure to high temperatures to minimize thermal shock.
Welding Applications:

Check for Contamination: In welding applications, ensure that the tungsten electbare is free from any contamination, which can affect the quality of the weld.

Proper Grinding Techniques: When grinding tungsten electbares for welding, use proper techniques and equipment to maintain the correct tip geometry.
Storage Conditions:

Dry Storage: Store tungsten bars in a dry environment to prevent corrosion or oxidation.

Avoid Humidity: If tungsten bars are exposed to high humidity, consider using moisture-absorbing materials in storage areas.
Avoid Excessive Force:

Minimize Bending: Tungsten bars are rigid but can be brittle. Avoid applying excessive force or bending, especially if the bar has a small diameter.
Use in Appropriate Applications:

Know the Limitations: Be aware of the limitations of tungsten bars. While they excel in high-temperature and high-strength applications, they may not be suitable for applications requiring high ductility.
Regular Inspection:

Check for Damage: Periodically inspect tungsten bars for any signs of damage, such as cracks or chips.

Replace Damaged Bars: If any damage is detected, replace the tungsten bar to prevent compromising the performance of the material.
Proper Machining Practices:

Use Suitable Tools: When machining tungsten bars, use tools that are designed for hard materials to avoid excessive wear and ensure precision.

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